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The gradual growth of our knowledge of electricity.
The Greek philosopher Thales knew that amber rubbed with fur or wool would attract small pieces of straw and other light materials. Early Chinese also knew this. They used this knowledge to make a magnetic compass – a special iron needle that rotates in any horizontal direction. The natural magnetism of the earth attracts the needle so that it always tums to points towards the north. The compass made navigation of the ocean simpler and safer. One of the first books showings the connection between magnetism and electricity was written by Dr. William Gilbert in 1600. It was generally thought that there were two different kinds of electricity frictional and static electricity – the kind you make when you rub amber with wool – and kind stored in a cell that can be changed into electric current. Now we know the two kinds are the same.