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There are three branches of power in the UK: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Parliament is the legislative organ and is constitutionally composed of the Monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Queen in Parliament represents the supreme authority within the United Kingdom, but her powers are limited by Parliament.

2. According to the Parliament Act of 1911 the legal term of one Parliament may not exceed five years. The period between the meetings of the Parliament and its prorogation and dissolution is called a session. The average duration of a session is about 160 days. Each session is usually opened in the House of Lords by the Queen who reads the throne speech outlining the Government’s program of legislation for the coming session. Thus, the Queen summons, prorogues (dismisses at the end of a session) and dissolves Parliament.

3. The House of Lords currently has around 740 Members. Historically most members of the House of Lords have been hereditary peers. This means that years ago a king or queen nominated a member of the aristocracy to be a member of the House and, since then, the right to sit in the House has passed through the family from generation to generation. Clearly this is totally undemocratic and the last Labor Government abolished the right of all but 92 of these hereditary peers to sit in the House.
Almost all the other members of today’s House of Lords are life peers, means that they have been chosen by the Queen, on the advice of the Th'S mment to sit in the House for as long as they live, but afterwards no mber of their family has the right to sit in the House. Many are former dor politicians. Others are very distinguished figures in fields such as plication, health and social policy. A small number of other members (26) are Archbishops and Bishops of the Church of England.
The House of Commons is an elected and representative body. Its members are elected by almost universal adult suffrage. Citizen aged 18 or over can vote in the constituency in which they live. Vbting is not compulsory. The House of Commons currently comprises 650 Members of Parliament. Each member in the House of Commons represents a geographical constituency. Any British subject aged 21 or over may be elected a Member ot Parliament if, certainly, he/she is not disqualified as for example, members of the House of Lords, civil servants, holders of judicial office, members of the regular armed forces and the police services, bankrupts etc.

4. Any member of the House of Commons may introduce a Bill. The Bill must pass three readings in the House of Commons. After that it goes to the House of Lords. The House of Lords may only delay the passage of Public Bills but it cannot delay the passage of Money Bills.

5. Finally, after a Bill has passed all its stages in both Houses of Parliament, the Monarch gives the Royal Assent and the Bill becomes a legal enactment (Act of Parliament).
.The United Kingdom doesn’t have a single, written constitution (a set of rules of government). But this doesn’t mean that the UK has an ‘unwritten constitution’. In fact, it is mostly written — but instead of being one formal document, the British constitution is formed from various sources including statute law, case law made by judges, and international treaties