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эдуардовна в категроии Английский язык, вопрос открыт 03.11.2017 в 23:58

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George Stephenson is one of the most famous engineers who ever lived. He is popularly regarded as the author of the railway and the steam locomotive. No other invention had such an overwhelming effect upon society as this first from of mechanical transport.
G. Stephenson was born at Wylam, on 9 June 1781. His early life was spent in extreme poverty, but 1804 he moved Killingworth supplementing his income by repairing watches and clocks, and in 1812 he was appointed enginewright of High Pit colliery. In two years George Stephenson completed his first engine which he put at work at Killingworth colliery.
In 1823, Stephenson was invited by his colleague, Edward Pease, to build and equip a railway from Stockton to Darlington. Stephenson persuaded the directors to use steam instead of horse traction. The railway opened on 27 September 1825, and the first public passenger train in the world was drawn by Stephenson’s Active, later renamed Locomotive. In 1829 the Liverpool and Manchester railway held a contest to decide upon the best kind of traction to use and it was won by Stephenson’s Rocket. The success of the Rocket was attributed to its multitube boiler and its more effective system for exhausting the steam and creating a draft in the firebox, basic features that continue to be used in the steam locomotives. The Rocket had one pair of driving wheels. After it came the four-coupled locomotive, followed by the six-coupled. The number of coupled wheels grew to a maximum of 14, a locomotive with this remarkable number being built in Russia.
The Liverpool and Manchester railway was opened on 15 September 1830, and it became the first public railway on which all traffic was hauled by steam locomotives.
Stephenson was engineer of many other railways in the midlands, h was also consultant to many foreign companies, notably in Belgium and Spain. His only son Robert Stephenson assisted his father in a survey for all the railways the latter built, but, however, Robert was particularly concerned with the construction of railway bridges and his work extended to Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Switzerland and Egypt.
George Stephenson’s last years were spent in retirement at Tapton House, Chesterfield, where he died on 12 August 1848. The development of railways is one of the great landmarks in the progress of human civilization. And of course, George Stephenson’s name, a prominent engineer in the history of railways is great. A monument to father and son was erected in Westminster Abbey.
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1. What was George Stephenson?

2. When did George Stephenson persuade the director to use steam instead of horse traction?

3. What was the success of the Rocket attributed to?

4. When was the first public railway opened?

5. Where was a monument to father and son erected?
a) A person who studies, plans and buildings, machines, etc. _______________
b) Coal-mine and buildings, etc. connected with it.
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c) Contrasted with private
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d) Of or from another country.
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e) Smth. built of wood, stone, concrete or steel across a river/
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